석유화학산단 대기오염물질 분포 특성 연구(Ⅱ)

김효성, 김익산, 박혜영, 김계홍, 정종현, 주세윤

악취관리과

A Study on the Distribution of Air Pollutants in a Petrochemical Industrial Complex(Ⅱ)

H. S. Kim, I. S. Kim, H. Y. Park, K. H. Kim, J. H. Jeong,

S. Y. Joo

Odor Control Division

Abstract

In July 2019, the Yeosu national industrial complex, which was designated as an odor management area, is still experiencing an increase in odor complaints. Therefore, it is judged that there is a need to strengthen environmental monitoring for odor and air pollutant emission sources in odor management areas such as the Yeosu national industrial complex. In this study, the pollutant characteristics of the workplace outlet were identified using the Proton transfer reaction-time of a flight mass spectrometer(PTR-TOF/MS) capable of analyzing 100 types of VOCs substances in real time. This is a device that can analyze about VOCs in a short time by ionizing gaseous substances and measuring the strength of ions with the mass charge ratio(m/z) according to the time of flight. This is a very low-energy reaction, so there is little fragmentation, and data can be received within seconds without preprocessing, making it easy for real-time measurement. As a result of PTR-TOF/MS analysis of samples taken from 13 emission facilities in Yeosu national industrial complex, it was confirmed that acetaldehyde and propanal/Acetone were detected at high concentrations in all emission facilities. Therefore, it is judged that acetaldehyde and propanal/Acetone are generally distributed in the Yeosu national industrial complex. Therefore, if it is possible to check in real time which substances are discharged from the emissions of the workplaces, it is possible to lay the foundations for preemptive management of the aforementioned workplaces. In addition, if the analysis data is used for air pollution prevention, it is judged that the management of the workplaces will be carried out efficiently.

Keywords: Yeosu National Industrial Complex, PTR-TOF/MS, VOCs, SIFT-MS, Hazardous air pollutant, Odor pollutant

국내 대표적인 석유화학단지 중 하나인 여수국가산단에서 배출시설별 6개 업종(발전시설, 응축시설, 지정폐기물 소각시설, 생활폐기물 소각시설, 탄화시설, 혼합시설)에 대한 배출가스 특성을 양성자 전이 비행시간 질량분석기(PTR-TOF/MS)를 이용하여 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다.

1.  발전시설, 응축시설, 지정폐기물 소각시설, 탄화시설, 혼합시설 등 5개 업종에서Acetaldehyde가 가장 높은 농도로 검출되었고, Propanal/Acetone이 두 번째로 나타났다.

2.  업종별 고농도 검출물질의 분포를 살펴보면 Acetaldehyde는 탄화시설(2,378.1 ppb) > 발전시설(941.2 ppb) > 혼합시설(403.3 ppb) > 지정폐기물 소각시설(163.9 ppb) > 응축시설(80.6 ppb) > 생활폐기물 소각시설(47.9 ppb) 순으로 높은 농도를 보였고, Propanal/Acetone는 발전시설(326.2 ppb) > 탄화시설(321.6 ppb) > 지정폐기물 소각시설(144.5 ppb) > 생활폐기물 소각시설(133.2 ppb) > 혼합시설(121.2 ppb) > 응축시설(66.9 ppb) 순으로 나타났다.

3.  모든 업종에서 가장 높은 농도로 검출된 Acetaldehyde는 Acetic acid의 환원반응으로 생성될 수 있는데 발전시설 등 4개 업종에서 Acetic acid가 40 ppb이상으로 검출된 점과 고농도 검출물질인 Acetaldehyde, Propanal, Acetone, Acetic acid 등이 탄소와 산소의 이중결합(카보닐기)을 가진 알코올류의 산화물이라는 것으로 석유화학산단에서 원료나 첨가물로 많이 사용되는 알코올류의 산화·환원이 고농도 배출가스의 주요 발생메커니즘임을 추정할 수 있었다.